I understand that many of the brethren and sisters in the old country
lent money to their friends now here to assist them to emigrate; quite
a number of letters have been sent, stating that those friends
covenanted before leaving that they would repay that means with the
first money they earned after arriving here, and that they would also
send more than they had borrowed, in order to assist those who had
previously assisted them. A number of our elders who have been
from here on missions to England and other countries, have been in the
habit of borrowing money, or of getting it in some way. Some of these
elders, when asked to refund what they had borrowed, have said, "We
did not borrow it, it was a gift to us." I wish to say to such elders,
return the money with interest. If it was a gift, return the gift,
that it may go back and help many instead of one.
I do not wish to spend much time on this subject, I wish to give
instruction, and to tell you my mind with regard to those elders who
have borrowed money from the Saints in Europe. They may pretend to say
that it was given to them to excuse themselves for not repaying it,
but if they do not refund it, they are unworthy of the fellowship of
the Saints, and I ask their bishops to cut every one of them from the
Church, without favor or affection. If the bishops do this, they will
be doing their duty. Disfellowship them, they are not worthy of a
standing in the Church and Kingdom of God.
I wish to ask my brethren, the elders of Israel, to give liberally to
help home our brethren and sisters who are now in bondage in the old
countries. We have not said anything to the people for a long time
with regard to donations. A year ago last fall we commenced a
subscription to bring home the Saints. By the following February the
amount reached, I think, some nine thousand dollars. Our agent left
here about the 27th of February, and about ten days before he started
we gave notice that he was going, and between that time and the time
he left, the nine thousand had swelled to about thirty thousand; and
in the course of three months from then the amount had increased to
seventy-six or seventy seven thousand dollars. With this amount a great
many were helped here who could only raise part means, some were
brought all the way. The brethren and sisters continued to give
through the summer, and if I recollect rightly, we have now over
thirty thousand dollars in money to help home the poor. Most of this
has been sent to Liverpool, but we have some in this city. Now we wish
the charity of the brethren and sisters to be extended to bring home
the poor Saints, and perhaps it would be as well for me to commence
the list. I will say to our clerk he may put down two thousand dollars
for Brother Brigham; also one thousand for William H. Hooper, our
delegate in Congress, who told me before he went away that he would
give another thousand. Now we are ready to receive your thousands or
your hundreds, and we will not refuse a five-dollar bill. We got a
great many of them from the sisters last fall, more than the people
would imagine; if the list were read of the sisters who put in five
dollars, ten dollars, and some twenty-five, it would astonish you.
This is a short sermon on this subject. The brethren here from the
settlements throughout the Territory can carry it home, and it will
become generally known.
I have thought of proposing certain conditions in relation to those
who are helped here from abroad; but whether it would be prudent and
consistent to do so, I leave the Latter-day Saints to judge. The
cogitations of my mind on the subject of bringing home the Saints are
somewhat strict. I have thought it would be as well, before helping
the poor to emigrate, to have them covenant that after arriving here
they would be Saints in every sense of the word. Now, to
particularize, I will say that we gather a family here, consisting of father, mother, four, eight, or twelve children, as the case
may be. They are Latter-day Saints; they wish to gather to Zion and to
enjoy all the blessings of Zion; they are anxiously waiting for every
gift and blessing God has in store for the faithful, and to be
numbered with the Church of the Firstborn; but when they reach here,
if we go into their houses, we shall very often find, if they have the
means to do it, that they will perfectly soak their systems with tea
and coffee, and are perhaps chewing tobacco and doing a little
tippling, a little swearing, and so on. This is the way with some who
were gathered last year. Now, whether it is better to leave such
people to die in the faith in their native lands, or to bring them
here to apostatize and deny their Lord and Master, is a question. I
think, if I had the knowledge and the power, I would never gather
another member of the Church who would apostatize; but I have not this
knowledge. I cannot say to a man, you stop and let your family come to
Zion. I cannot say to a woman, you stop where you are, you are in the
faith now, but if you gather you will apostatize; but your husband and
family can gather, they will stick to the faith. I cannot say this, I
have not the power, and hence we see many after they arrive here turn
away from the holy commandments. I do not know but what it would be
perfectly reasonable to make every man and woman, before leaving their
native lands, covenant before God to observe the Word of Wisdom, let
liquor alone, use no language unbecoming a Saint, and, in a word, live
their religion after arriving here. Whether it would be reasonable and
consistent to lay such injunctions on the people before assisting them
to gather I do not know. If we were to say to them, before leaving
their homes, "Now if we gather you home, will you live your religion?"
they would jump up, clap their hands together, shout "hallelujah," and
say, "Yes, we will do anything you require if you will only gather us
to Zion."
Do you not see that I am perfectly tied up? and so are all the elders
of Israel in this respect. We may lay all these injunctions on the
Saints, and some would break them all. All these things are turned
over in my mind, and I look at every side of the question, sound every
principle and behold the people as they are. Well, what is to be done?
I do not know any better way, perhaps, than to gather the Saints and
try to sanctify them after they are gathered together, for when they
are baptized they virtually covenant to observe all these rules. When
we see the course that the Saints, or those professing to be such,
have taken in feeding, clothing and making our enemies rich here in
our midst, it makes me feel that it is time to cease gathering those
who will not be Saints indeed. I know, as well as I know that I am a
living being, that there is not one professing to be a Latter-day
Saint, who has the spirit of his calling, who would not cease this
course as quick as he would draw his hands out of the fire, if he
thoroughly knew and understood that it tends to the overthrow of the
Kingdom of God; and the fact that he helped to sustain the enemies of
the Kingdom of God must be attributed to his ignorance. The people
have eyes, but they see not; they have hearts, but they do not
understand. I will ensure that there are scores, and perhaps hundreds,
looking at me while I am speaking, who think, "Brother Brigham, you
are a fool; we have as good a right to trade with one man as another;
and we will go to what store we please, and do what we please
with our means, and we will trade with those who will do the best by
us." Yet there are hundreds who, and in fact the most of the people,
understand the folly of this course, as the experience of the past six
months has proved. During that period we have done wonders in guiding
the minds and the movements of the Latter-day Saints. Still there are
some who seem to have no understanding. I will venture to say they are
the foolish virgins. I was going to say they are like the foolish
virgins; but they are the foolish virgins, and by and by they will
find they have no oil in their vessels, and nothing to prepare them to
go and meet the bridegroom, and they will be found wanting. But so it
is, and we must cultivate the wheat with the tares; the sheep and the
goats have to run together. Here I am thinking of exacting a covenant
from men and women before they are gathered, that they will be Saints
indeed afterwards; but while I have such feelings the question stares
me in the face, how do you know whether they will be or not? You see
men and women here who have been in the Church thirty years, and the
most trifling, frivolous, foolish little circumstance imaginable will
throw them off the track, and they will go to the devil. It is
astonishing, it is marvelous! When I think of these things it recalls
a saying that I have sometimes made, that I do my swearing in the
pulpit, for they make me think that we have those in our midst who
profess to be Latter-day Saints, but who are damned fools. You may say
that is swearing; but they are damned, and the wrath of God is upon
them, just as much as it was in the days of the old apostles. Men and
women would take a very different course if they could see and
understand things as they are. But I will take back the expression "if
they could see and understand." I say they can see and understand, if
they have a mind to cast out of their hearts the love of the world,
the love of riches, and the little frivolous traits of character they
so often manifest. The love of fashion, for instance, which darkens,
beclouds, and casts a shade over the spirits of our sisters. They
cannot have this, and they do not like that, and the next thing anger
creeps into their hearts and they feel revengeful, and "I wish I could
do somebody an injury; I wish I could come up with my husband; I wish
I could do something or other to mar his peace, inasmuch as mine is
marred, because I cannot follow somebody else's fashion." Such little,
trifling, contemptible, frivolous, things cast a dark shade over their
feelings, and the first thing they know they give way to a revengeful,
vindictive, wicked spirit, which leads them to destruction.
Now, I will go back again to my text—whether we should exact the
injunctions I have named of the Saints before gathering, or whether we
should not? I leave it to the people, for I do not care much about it,
for the simple reason that I do not know enough to decide, and yet I
know as much as anybody else. I might pick up this man and that woman,
and this family and that family, and leave others because I might not
think them worthy, when those who are left behind would probably stick
to the faith, while those who are gathered might apostatize. I do not
know how to do any better than we are doing, unless the Lord reveals
it. I will say to the brethren and sisters, we are ready to receive
your donations. Open your hearts and your purse strings. I leave this
matter now for your action.
I spoke a little here yesterday and the day before; but I have
not really said what I wish, and whether I shall be able to answer my
own feelings with regard to our success in our cooperative system of
merchandising I do not know. I want to say to the Latter-day Saints we
have wrought wonders. It was observed here by one of the brethren that
to guide the minds of the people and to govern and control them is a
greater miracle than to raise the dead. That is very true. The Lord
Almighty could resuscitate a corpse lying before us a thousand times
easier than He could control the congregation in this house. He has
the material on hand, and He knows every process, and He could give
life to a lifeless being, with ease, by the elements He would operate
upon and with. This is a great miracle in our estimation; but it would
be no miracle at all to the Lord, because He knows precisely how to do
it. There is no miracle to any being in the heavens or on the earth,
only to the ignorant. To a man who understands the philosophy of all
the phenomena that transpire, there is no such thing as a miracle. A
great many think there are results without causes; there is no such
thing in existence; there is a cause for every result that ever was or
ever will be, and they are all in the providences and in the work of
the Lord. It would be no particular miracle for the Lord to
resuscitate a person whose breath had left the body. By bringing the
elements to bear on the system, He could make that system breathe
again and live, but to control this people can only be done by
persuasion. We have the privilege of choosing, refusing, acting,
rising up, sitting down, doing this or not doing; we are just as
independent in our sphere as the Gods are in theirs, and our agency is
our own, and we can do as we please. We can govern and control
ourselves, and when we do this by the law of truth it produces life
within us and leads to eternal life; but when we take the opposite
course and yield to principles that tend downward the result is death
and destruction. Now I will make the application, that you and I have
done just as we please. We have traded with whom we please. We shall
do so as far as we can. We cannot all do just as we please, because a
great many times we want to and cannot, and that is what produces
misery, which is called hell. We have done as we please with regard to
trading. We requested the people last Conference in this room to cease
trading with their enemies. Do you see the effects of this? Yes, they
are apparent to every inhabitant of this Territory; they are apparent
to the passer-by, to the transient person and to the world; and the
commercial world has said, "This is the first thing we have ever seen
in the character of you Latter-day Saints, that manifested that you
knew enough to take care of yourselves." It tells also upon our
enemies. Suppose we had not checked this trading with outsiders, and
had not turned the stream into another channel, you would have seen,
perhaps, one hundred merchants in this city now more than last year.
They would have brought their clerks and friends and a great number
who would have operated against us. Not but what there are many here
now, and have been, who have been very gentlemanly and kind; but where
is their friendship? Is there a man who does not belong to this church
who would not vote for a man out of the church for mayor of the city,
and for men who do not belong to the church for aldermen and
councilors? No, there is not one amongst them but what would do this.
And what would they not do? They would not do right and righteously, that is what they would not do. But anything on the face
of this earth to remove power and influence from the Latter-day
Saints, and to remove them from their homes, many of them would do. We
have been able to check this, and it is for our advantage. Many of us
have suffered the loss of all things several times. I have been broken
up five times and left a handsome property, and have taken the
spoiling of my goods just as patiently as I could. I do not want to
see these things enacted again. I know how to avert them. If the
people will hearken to the counsel which God gives through His
servants, they will never experience any such thing again; but if they
will not, they will, perhaps, suffer just as they have heretofore—the
good with the bad, the righteous through the evil deeds of those who
profess to be righteous and are not; the simple, the honest and the
good will have to suffer with the hypocrite and the wicked. I am
thankful to God that the ears of the Latter-day Saints have been open
to hear and their hearts open to receive and act upon good counsel as
far as they have been.
The sisters in our Female Relief Societies have done great good. Can
you tell the amount of good that the mothers and daughters in Israel
are capable of doing? No, it is impossible. And the good they do will
follow them to all eternity. If we get the sisters on our side with
regard to trading in stores, with regard to donations, or with regard
to improvement, we have gained all that we can ask. What do men care
about fashion? You will not find one man in a thousand that cares
anything about it. Men have their business before them, and their care
and attention is occupied with that. You will find that the farmer,
the blacksmith, the carpenter and even the merchant, were it not that
he is compelled to appear decently in society, care nothing about
fashion. They want the dollars and the dimes. The lawyer cares nothing
about fashion, only to gain the feelings of the people and have
influence over them, that he can bring them one against another, so
that he may get their dimes; that is all he cares about fashion. The
doctor cares nothing about fashion. If he can make the people believe
that he knows it all, and that they know nothing, he would as soon
wear a hat with a brim six inches wide, and the crown an inch and a
half high, as he would wear one with the crown six inches high and the
brim an inch and a half wide. He cares no more for fashion than that,
if he can only get the purses of the people, that is all he cares for.
I speak now in general terms, for there are exceptions in every class.
It is the ladies who care for fashion. They are looking continually to
see how this and that lady are dressed. But if we can enlist their
feelings and interests in business matters, then victory is sure. The
mothers and daughters in Israel have better judgment, and they do know
more than females in the world. They do understand the true principles
of comfort, and how to adorn their persons so that they may present an
attractive appearance to their husbands, families, friends and
neighbors; and if we can make them believe this, I reckon that, by
and by, they will begin and make fashions to suit themselves, and will
not be under the necessity of sending to Paris or to the East to find
out the fashions or to find out whether they shall make their Grecian
bends one-half, two-thirds or one-third as large as in New York; or
whether they shall cut a frock so as to show their garters every step
or to drag yards on the ground behind them. I think that, after
a while, they will consider that they know a little of something as
well as other people, and if we can enlist their sympathies and
judgments, tastes and abilities with regard to trading, fashion, etc.,
the battle is won.
The sisters have already done much good, and I wish them to continue
and go ahead. Have a Female Relief Society in every ward in the
mountains; and have a Cooperative store in every ward, and let the
people do their own trading. There are some of the brethren around who
have asked me whether they shall trade at the Parent Store or whether
they shall send East for their goods. They cannot see and understand
things; after a while they will. You take the Lehi Cooperative Store,
for instance: Bishop Evans started it there last summer. Suppose he
had sent East for his goods in July; if he had had the same luck that
others have had, they would have been landed about this time, and some
of them by and by, and when they had been operating three months what
would they have made? Nothing. But they came down here and bought
their goods and took them home, only a thirty miles' drive, and put
them on the shelves, and they were soon bought up. They sent to Salt
Lake City about once a week to replenish their store, and when five
months had passed away they struck a balance sheet and every man that
had put in twenty-five dollars—the amount of a share—had, in addition
to that amount, a little over twenty-eight dollars to his credit. Have
any of our city merchants who have traded from here to New York, made
money like this? Not one, and yet the people here have paid one-third
more for their goods than the people had to pay in the Cooperative
Stores. I understand the brethren in Cache Valley are going to send
East for their goods. Well, send for them, and you will get a little
knowledge; but you will buy it; however bought wit is pretty good, if
you do not pay too dear for it.
Recollect that in trading there is great advantage in turning over
your capital often. Suppose the Cooperative Stores were to send to New
York for their goods, they might turn over their capital once a year;
then instead of making anything they would run under.
I want to impress one thing on the minds of the people, which will be
for their advantage if they will hear it. When you start your
Cooperative Store in a ward, you will find the men of capital
stepping forward, and one says, "I will put in ten thousand dollars;"
another says, "I will put in five thousand." But I say to you,
bishops, do not let these men take five thousand, or one thousand, but
call on the brethren and sisters who are poor and tell them to put in
their five dollars or their twenty-five, and let those who have
capital stand back and give the poor the advantage of this quick
trading. This is what I am after and have been all the time. I have
capital, and have offered some to every ward in the country when I
have had a chance. I would take shares in such institutions. I am not
at all afraid; but nobody would let me take any, except in Provo and
in the wholesale store here. I will say to Bishop Woolley, in the 13th
ward, do not let these men with capital take all the shares, but let
the poor have them. I say the same to the 14th ward and to every ward
in the city; and you bishops, tell the man who has five thousand or
two thousand to put in, to stand back, he cannot have it. If your
capital is doubled every three months, it would make him rich too
fast, and he cannot have the privilege; we want the poor
brethren and sisters to have the advantage of it. Do you understand
this, bishops and people?
The capitalists may say, "What are we to do with our means?" Go and
build factories and have one, two, or three thousand spindles going.
Send for fifty, a hundred, or a thousand sheep and raise wool. Some of
you go to raising flax and build a factory to manufacture it, and do
not take every advantage and pocket every dollar that is to be made.
You are rich, and I want to turn the stream so as to do good to the
whole community.
I am delighted every time I hear a company say, "We do not want your
capital, we have plenty." I know what to do with mine. I have been the
means, in the hands of God, of starting every woollen and cotton
factory there is in the Territory, and almost every carding machine.
We are going to build a large factory at Provo. Some say we have not
wool to carry on the business. Yes, we have, and we have plenty of
capital. Suppose we send to the States and buy a hundred thousand or
five hundred thousand pounds of wool; we are as well able to do it as
others; or suppose we send to California or Oregon and buy fifty
thousand pounds of wool, and ship it on the railroad and work it up.
Will the people wear it? Yes, just as quick as we get the women to
tell their husbands to wear homemade instead of broadcloth, they will
do it. I would not even wear out the cloth that has been given to me
were it not that my wives and daughters want me. If they were to say,
"Brother Brigham, wear your homemade, we like to see you in it," I
would give away my broadcloth, but to please the dear creatures I wear
almost anything. Only let us get the sisters into this mind, and
homemade clothing will soon become the fashion throughout the
Territory. I had a present sent me the other day of some homemade
linen for a coat, and I calculate to wear it this summer. I wear my
homemade a great deal, but I have not got it on today; if I could
only get my wives to say, "Brother Brigham, your homemade is very
nice, and we should like to see you wear it," I should certainly wear
it.
When the first merchants came here I foresaw all that we have passed
through. I knew the foundation was laid for the destruction of this
people if they were fostered here, and I know so today. We have
turned the current, and we are controlling it, and the sisters are
helping us. Now, sisters, if you will continue to help us, and will
trade with none but Latter-day Saints, just hold up your hands. [The
vote was unanimous.] Now, I will tell you why we bother you women,
though I acknowledge that if we did not go to see the women they would
come and see us; but we are so anxious to see you that we follow you
up. But the reason why we are so anxious to have you sisters on our
side in regard to these trading matters, is because we know if you
will only say whom you will trade with and with whom you will not
trade, that we shall follow you.
What I have been saying with regard to these ward cooperative stores
doubling their capital once in three months, is for the encouragement
of the poor, and to induce them to invest their little means and do
something for themselves. Here is the 10th and the 5th and 6th wards,
which are looked upon as the poorest wards in the city, though I
believe the bishop of the 3rd ward feels that his ward is the poorest
in the city; but I will venture to say that if these wards will
each establish a store and concentrate their influence, they will
double their capital every three months. I know that the 10th ward,
which started with 700 dollars, three weeks afterwards had a thousand
dollars worth of goods paid for and considerable money in the drawer.
Think of that, in that poor little ward, though I will give it the
praise of being one of the best wards in the city. It has one of the
finest bands of music in the city, and they make one of the best
turnouts when they exhibit themselves.
I have talked long enough. I will turn again to my starting point. Let
us have your money to bring home the poor Saints. I feel also to urge
upon my brethren and sisters to observe every word that the Lord
speaks. Observe the counsel that leads to life, peace, glory and
happiness, but do not observe that which leads to contention, ruin and
destruction. Amen.